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        <article role="main" id="furo-main-content">
          <section id="type-proxy">
<span id="devices-proxy"></span><h1>Type: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">proxy</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#type-proxy" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>

            <p class="youtube_link">
              <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IbAKwRBW8V0" target="_blank">
                <span title="LXD proxy devices" class="play_icon">▶</span>
                <span title="LXD proxy devices">Watch on YouTube</span>
              </a>
            </p>
        <div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">proxy</span></code> device type is supported for both containers (NAT and non-NAT modes) and VMs (NAT mode only).
It supports hotplugging for both containers and VMs.</p>
</div>
<p>Proxy devices allow you to forward network connections between a host and an instance running on that host.</p>
<p>You can use them to:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Forward traffic from an address on the host to an address inside the instance.</p></li>
<li><p>Do the reverse, enabling an address inside the instance to connect through the host.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>In <a class="reference internal" href="#devices-proxy-nat-mode"><span class="std std-ref">NAT mode</span></a>, proxy devices support TCP and UDP proxying (traffic forwarding).
In non-NAT mode, proxy devices can also forward traffic between Unix sockets, which is useful for tasks such as forwarding a GUI or audio traffic from a container to the host system. Additionally, they can proxy traffic across different protocols—for example, forwarding traffic from a TCP listener on the host to a Unix socket inside a container.</p>
<p>The supported connection types are:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tcp</span> <span class="pre">&lt;-&gt;</span> <span class="pre">tcp</span></code></p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">udp</span> <span class="pre">&lt;-&gt;</span> <span class="pre">udp</span></code></p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">unix</span> <span class="pre">&lt;-&gt;</span> <span class="pre">unix</span></code></p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tcp</span> <span class="pre">&lt;-&gt;</span> <span class="pre">unix</span></code></p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">unix</span> <span class="pre">&lt;-&gt;</span> <span class="pre">tcp</span></code></p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tcp</span> <span class="pre">&lt;-&gt;</span> <span class="pre">udp</span></code></p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">unix</span> <span class="pre">&lt;-&gt;</span> <span class="pre">udp</span></code></p></li>
</ul>
<p>To add a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">proxy</span></code> device, use the following command:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>lxc config device add &lt;instance_name&gt; &lt;device_name&gt; proxy listen=&lt;type&gt;:&lt;addr&gt;:&lt;port&gt;[-&lt;port&gt;][,&lt;port&gt;] connect=&lt;type&gt;:&lt;addr&gt;:&lt;port&gt; bind=&lt;host/instance_name&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition tip">
<p class="admonition-title">Tip</p>
<p>Using a proxy device in NAT mode is very similar to adding a <a class="reference internal" href="../../howto/network_forwards/#network-forwards"><span class="std std-ref">network forward</span></a>.</p>
<p>The difference is that network forwards are applied on a network level, while a proxy device is added for an instance.
In addition, network forwards cannot be used to proxy traffic between different connection types.</p>
</div>
<section id="nat-mode">
<span id="devices-proxy-nat-mode"></span><h2>NAT mode<a class="headerlink" href="#nat-mode" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>The proxy device supports a NAT mode (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">nat=true</span></code>), which forwards packets using NAT instead of creating a separate proxy connection.</p>
<p>This mode has the benefit that the client address is maintained without requiring the target destination to support the HAProxy PROXY protocol. This is necessary for passing client addresses in non-NAT mode.</p>
<p>However, NAT mode is only available when the host running the instance also acts as the gateway. This is the typical case when using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lxdbr0</span></code>, for example.</p>
<p>In NAT mode, the supported connection types are:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tcp</span> <span class="pre">&lt;-&gt;</span> <span class="pre">tcp</span></code></p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">udp</span> <span class="pre">&lt;-&gt;</span> <span class="pre">udp</span></code></p></li>
</ul>
<p>When configuring a proxy device with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">nat=true</span></code>, you must ensure that the target instance has a static IP configured on its NIC device.</p>
</section>
<section id="specifying-ip-addresses">
<h2>Specifying IP addresses<a class="headerlink" href="#specifying-ip-addresses" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>Use the following command to configure a static IP for an instance NIC:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>lxc config device set &lt;instance_name&gt; &lt;nic_name&gt; ipv4.address=&lt;ipv4_address&gt; ipv6.address=&lt;ipv6_address&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>To define a static IPv6 address, the parent managed network must have <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ipv6.dhcp.stateful</span></code> enabled.</p>
<p>When defining IPv6 addresses, use square bracket notation. Example:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>connect=tcp:[2001:db8::1]:80
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You can specify that the connect address should be the IP of the instance by setting the connect IP to the wildcard address, which is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0.0.0.0</span></code> for IPv4 and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[::]</span></code> for IPv6.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>The listen address can also use wildcard addresses in non-NAT mode.
However, when using NAT mode, you must specify an IP address on the LXD host.</p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="device-options">
<h2>Device options<a class="headerlink" href="#device-options" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">proxy</span></code> devices have the following device options:</p>
<div class="configoption docutils container" id="device-proxy-device-conf:bind">
<div class="basicinfo docutils container">
<span class="key"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bind</span></code></span><span class="shortdesc"><p>Which side to bind on</p>
</span><span class="anchor"><a class="reference external" href="#device-proxy-device-conf:bind"><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></a></span></div>
<div class="details docutils container">
<div class="table-wrapper fields docutils container">
<table class="fields docutils align-default">
<tbody>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Key: </strong></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bind</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>Type: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p>string</p>
</span></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Default: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">host</span></code></p>
</span></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>Required: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p>no</p>
</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>Possible values are <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">host</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">instance</span></code>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="configoption docutils container" id="device-proxy-device-conf:connect">
<div class="basicinfo docutils container">
<span class="key"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">connect</span></code></span><span class="shortdesc"><p>Address and port to connect to</p>
</span><span class="anchor"><a class="reference external" href="#device-proxy-device-conf:connect"><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></a></span></div>
<div class="details docutils container">
<div class="table-wrapper fields docutils container">
<table class="fields docutils align-default">
<tbody>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Key: </strong></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">connect</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>Type: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p>string</p>
</span></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Required: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p>yes</p>
</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>Use the following format to specify the address and port: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&lt;type&gt;:&lt;addr&gt;:&lt;port&gt;[-&lt;port&gt;][,&lt;port&gt;]</span></code></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="configoption docutils container" id="device-proxy-device-conf:gid">
<div class="basicinfo docutils container">
<span class="key"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gid</span></code></span><span class="shortdesc"><p>GID of the owner of the listening Unix socket</p>
</span><span class="anchor"><a class="reference external" href="#device-proxy-device-conf:gid"><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></a></span></div>
<div class="details docutils container">
<div class="table-wrapper fields docutils container">
<table class="fields docutils align-default">
<tbody>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Key: </strong></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gid</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>Type: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p>integer</p>
</span></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Default: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code></p>
</span></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>Required: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p>no</p>
</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="configoption docutils container" id="device-proxy-device-conf:listen">
<div class="basicinfo docutils container">
<span class="key"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">listen</span></code></span><span class="shortdesc"><p>Address and port to bind and listen</p>
</span><span class="anchor"><a class="reference external" href="#device-proxy-device-conf:listen"><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></a></span></div>
<div class="details docutils container">
<div class="table-wrapper fields docutils container">
<table class="fields docutils align-default">
<tbody>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Key: </strong></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">listen</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>Type: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p>string</p>
</span></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Required: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p>yes</p>
</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>Use the following format to specify the address and port: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&lt;type&gt;:&lt;addr&gt;:&lt;port&gt;[-&lt;port&gt;][,&lt;port&gt;]</span></code></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="configoption docutils container" id="device-proxy-device-conf:mode">
<div class="basicinfo docutils container">
<span class="key"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mode</span></code></span><span class="shortdesc"><p>Mode for the listening Unix socket</p>
</span><span class="anchor"><a class="reference external" href="#device-proxy-device-conf:mode"><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></a></span></div>
<div class="details docutils container">
<div class="table-wrapper fields docutils container">
<table class="fields docutils align-default">
<tbody>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Key: </strong></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mode</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>Type: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p>integer</p>
</span></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Default: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0644</span></code></p>
</span></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>Required: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p>no</p>
</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="configoption docutils container" id="device-proxy-device-conf:nat">
<div class="basicinfo docutils container">
<span class="key"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">nat</span></code></span><span class="shortdesc"><p>Whether to optimize proxying via NAT</p>
</span><span class="anchor"><a class="reference external" href="#device-proxy-device-conf:nat"><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></a></span></div>
<div class="details docutils container">
<div class="table-wrapper fields docutils container">
<table class="fields docutils align-default">
<tbody>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Key: </strong></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">nat</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>Type: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p>bool</p>
</span></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Default: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">false</span></code></p>
</span></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>Required: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p>no</p>
</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>This option requires that the instance NIC has a static IP address.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="configoption docutils container" id="device-proxy-device-conf:proxy_protocol">
<div class="basicinfo docutils container">
<span class="key"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">proxy_protocol</span></code></span><span class="shortdesc"><p>Whether to use the HAProxy PROXY protocol</p>
</span><span class="anchor"><a class="reference external" href="#device-proxy-device-conf:proxy_protocol"><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></a></span></div>
<div class="details docutils container">
<div class="table-wrapper fields docutils container">
<table class="fields docutils align-default">
<tbody>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Key: </strong></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">proxy_protocol</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>Type: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p>bool</p>
</span></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Default: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">false</span></code></p>
</span></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>Required: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p>no</p>
</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>This option specifies whether to use the HAProxy PROXY protocol to transmit sender information.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="configoption docutils container" id="device-proxy-device-conf:security.gid">
<div class="basicinfo docutils container">
<span class="key"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">security.gid</span></code></span><span class="shortdesc"><p>What GID to drop privilege to</p>
</span><span class="anchor"><a class="reference external" href="#device-proxy-device-conf:security.gid"><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></a></span></div>
<div class="details docutils container">
<div class="table-wrapper fields docutils container">
<table class="fields docutils align-default">
<tbody>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Key: </strong></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">security.gid</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>Type: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p>integer</p>
</span></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Default: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code></p>
</span></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>Required: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p>no</p>
</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="configoption docutils container" id="device-proxy-device-conf:security.uid">
<div class="basicinfo docutils container">
<span class="key"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">security.uid</span></code></span><span class="shortdesc"><p>What UID to drop privilege to</p>
</span><span class="anchor"><a class="reference external" href="#device-proxy-device-conf:security.uid"><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></a></span></div>
<div class="details docutils container">
<div class="table-wrapper fields docutils container">
<table class="fields docutils align-default">
<tbody>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Key: </strong></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">security.uid</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>Type: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p>integer</p>
</span></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Default: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code></p>
</span></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>Required: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p>no</p>
</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="configoption docutils container" id="device-proxy-device-conf:uid">
<div class="basicinfo docutils container">
<span class="key"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uid</span></code></span><span class="shortdesc"><p>UID of the owner of the listening Unix socket</p>
</span><span class="anchor"><a class="reference external" href="#device-proxy-device-conf:uid"><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></a></span></div>
<div class="details docutils container">
<div class="table-wrapper fields docutils container">
<table class="fields docutils align-default">
<tbody>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Key: </strong></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uid</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>Type: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p>integer</p>
</span></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Default: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code></p>
</span></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>Required: </strong></td>
<td><span class="ignoreP"><p>no</p>
</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="configuration-examples">
<h2>Configuration examples<a class="headerlink" href="#configuration-examples" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>Add a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">proxy</span></code> device that forwards traffic from one address (the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">listen</span></code> address) to another address (the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">connect</span></code> address) using NAT mode:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>lxc config device add &lt;instance_name&gt; &lt;device_name&gt; proxy nat=true listen=tcp:&lt;ip_address&gt;:&lt;port&gt; connect=tcp:&lt;ip_address&gt;:&lt;port&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Add a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">proxy</span></code> device that forwards traffic going to a specific IP to a Unix socket on an instance that might not have a network connection:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>lxc config device add &lt;instance_name&gt; &lt;device_name&gt; proxy listen=tcp:&lt;ip_address&gt;:&lt;port&gt; connect=unix:/&lt;socket_path_on_instance&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Add a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">proxy</span></code> device that forwards traffic going to a Unix socket on an instance that might not have a network connection to a specific IP address:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>lxc config device add &lt;instance_name&gt; &lt;device_name&gt; proxy bind=instance listen=unix:/&lt;socket_path_on_instance&gt; connect=tcp:&lt;ip_address&gt;:&lt;port&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>See <a class="reference internal" href="../../howto/instances_configure/#instances-configure-devices"><span class="std std-ref">Configure devices</span></a> for more information.</p>
</section>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Type: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">proxy</span></code></a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#nat-mode">NAT mode</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#specifying-ip-addresses">Specifying IP addresses</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#device-options">Device options</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#configuration-examples">Configuration examples</a></li>
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