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          <section id="how-to-set-up-ovn-with-lxd">
<span id="network-ovn-setup"></span><h1>How to set up OVN with LXD<a class="headerlink" href="#how-to-set-up-ovn-with-lxd" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
<p>See the following sections for how to set up a basic OVN network, either as a standalone network or to host a small LXD cluster.</p>
<section id="set-up-a-standalone-ovn-network">
<h2>Set up a standalone OVN network<a class="headerlink" href="#set-up-a-standalone-ovn-network" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>Complete the following steps to create a standalone OVN network that is connected to a managed LXD parent bridge network (for example, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lxdbr0</span></code>) for outbound connectivity.</p>
<ol class="arabic">
<li><p>Install the OVN tools on the local server:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo apt install ovn-host ovn-central
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Configure the OVN integration bridge:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo ovs-vsctl set open_vswitch . \
   external_ids:ovn-remote=unix:/var/run/ovn/ovnsb_db.sock \
   external_ids:ovn-encap-type=geneve \
   external_ids:ovn-encap-ip=127.0.0.1
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Create an OVN network:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>lxc network set &lt;parent_network&gt; ipv4.dhcp.ranges=&lt;IP_range&gt; ipv4.ovn.ranges=&lt;IP_range&gt;
lxc network create ovntest --type=ovn network=&lt;parent_network&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Create an instance that uses the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ovntest</span></code> network:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>lxc init ubuntu:24.04 c1
lxc config device override c1 eth0 network=ovntest
lxc start c1
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Run <a class="reference internal" href="../../reference/manpages/lxc/list/#lxc-list-md"><span class="std std-ref"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lxc</span> <span class="pre">list</span></code></span></a> to show the instance information:</p>
<div class="terminal scroll docutils container">
<div class="input docutils container">
<div class="prompt docutils container">
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">user&#64;host:~$</span> </code></div>
<span class="command"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lxc</span> <span class="pre">list</span>
</code></span></div>
<div class="terminal-code highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>+------+---------+---------------------+----------------------------------------------+-----------+-----------+
| NAME |  STATE  |        IPV4         |                     IPV6                     |   TYPE    | SNAPSHOTS |
+------+---------+---------------------+----------------------------------------------+-----------+-----------+
| c1   | RUNNING | 192.0.2.2 (eth0)    | 2001:db8:cff3:5089:216:3eff:fef0:549f (eth0) | CONTAINER | 0         |
+------+---------+---------------------+----------------------------------------------+-----------+-----------+
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</section>
<section id="set-up-a-lxd-cluster-on-ovn">
<h2>Set up a LXD cluster on OVN<a class="headerlink" href="#set-up-a-lxd-cluster-on-ovn" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>

            <p class="youtube_link">
              <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1M__Rm9iZb8" target="_blank">
                <span title="OVN and a LXD cluster" class="play_icon">▶</span>
                <span title="OVN and a LXD cluster">Watch on YouTube</span>
              </a>
            </p>
        <p>Complete the following steps to set up a LXD cluster that uses an OVN network.</p>
<p>Just like LXD, the distributed database for OVN must be run on a cluster that consists of an odd number of members.
The following instructions use the minimum of three servers, which run both the distributed database for OVN and the OVN controller.
In addition, you can add any number of servers to the LXD cluster that run only the OVN controller.
See the linked YouTube video for the complete tutorial using four machines.</p>
<ol class="arabic">
<li><p>Complete the following steps on the three machines that you want to run the distributed database for OVN:</p>
<ol class="arabic">
<li><p>Install the OVN tools:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo apt install ovn-central ovn-host
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Mark the OVN services as enabled to ensure that they are started when the machine boots:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span> systemctl enable ovn-central
 systemctl enable ovn-host
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Stop OVN for now:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>systemctl stop ovn-central
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Note down the IP address of the machine:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>ip -4 a
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Open <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/etc/default/ovn-central</span></code> for editing.</p></li>
<li><p>Paste in one of the following configurations (replace <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&lt;server_1&gt;</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&lt;server_2&gt;</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&lt;server_3&gt;</span></code> with the IP addresses of the respective machines, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&lt;local&gt;</span></code> with the IP address of the machine that you are on).</p>
<ul>
<li><p>For the first machine:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">OVN_CTL_OPTS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot; </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="s2">     --db-nb-addr=&lt;local&gt; </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="s2">     --db-nb-create-insecure-remote=yes </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="s2">     --db-sb-addr=&lt;local&gt; </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="s2">     --db-sb-create-insecure-remote=yes </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="s2">     --db-nb-cluster-local-addr=&lt;local&gt; </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="s2">     --db-sb-cluster-local-addr=&lt;local&gt; </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="s2">     --ovn-northd-nb-db=tcp:&lt;server_1&gt;:6641,tcp:&lt;server_2&gt;:6641,tcp:&lt;server_3&gt;:6641 </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="s2">     --ovn-northd-sb-db=tcp:&lt;server_1&gt;:6642,tcp:&lt;server_2&gt;:6642,tcp:&lt;server_3&gt;:6642&quot;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>For the second and third machine:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">OVN_CTL_OPTS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot; </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="s2">      --db-nb-addr=&lt;local&gt; </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="s2">     --db-nb-cluster-remote-addr=&lt;server_1&gt; </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="s2">     --db-nb-create-insecure-remote=yes </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="s2">     --db-sb-addr=&lt;local&gt; </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="s2">     --db-sb-cluster-remote-addr=&lt;server_1&gt; </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="s2">     --db-sb-create-insecure-remote=yes </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="s2">     --db-nb-cluster-local-addr=&lt;local&gt; </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="s2">     --db-sb-cluster-local-addr=&lt;local&gt; </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="s2">     --ovn-northd-nb-db=tcp:&lt;server_1&gt;:6641,tcp:&lt;server_2&gt;:6641,tcp:&lt;server_3&gt;:6641 </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="s2">     --ovn-northd-sb-db=tcp:&lt;server_1&gt;:6642,tcp:&lt;server_2&gt;:6642,tcp:&lt;server_3&gt;:6642&quot;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p>Start OVN:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>systemctl start ovn-central
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li><p>On the remaining machines, install only <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ovn-host</span></code> and make sure it is enabled:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo apt install ovn-host
systemctl enable ovn-host
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>On all machines, configure Open vSwitch (replace the variables as described above):</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo ovs-vsctl set open_vswitch . \
   external_ids:ovn-remote=tcp:&lt;server_1&gt;:6642,tcp:&lt;server_2&gt;:6642,tcp:&lt;server_3&gt;:6642 \
   external_ids:ovn-encap-type=geneve \
   external_ids:ovn-encap-ip=&lt;local&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Create a LXD cluster by running <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lxd</span> <span class="pre">init</span></code> on all machines.
On the first machine, create the cluster.
Then join the other machines with tokens by running <a class="reference internal" href="../../reference/manpages/lxc/cluster/add/#lxc-cluster-add-md"><span class="std std-ref"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lxc</span> <span class="pre">cluster</span> <span class="pre">add</span> <span class="pre">&lt;machine_name&gt;</span></code></span></a> on the first machine and specifying the token when initializing LXD on the other machine.</p></li>
<li><p>On the first machine, create and configure the uplink network:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>lxc network create UPLINK --type=physical parent=&lt;uplink_interface&gt; --target=&lt;machine_name_1&gt;
lxc network create UPLINK --type=physical parent=&lt;uplink_interface&gt; --target=&lt;machine_name_2&gt;
lxc network create UPLINK --type=physical parent=&lt;uplink_interface&gt; --target=&lt;machine_name_3&gt;
lxc network create UPLINK --type=physical parent=&lt;uplink_interface&gt; --target=&lt;machine_name_4&gt;
lxc network create UPLINK --type=physical \
   ipv4.ovn.ranges=&lt;IP_range&gt; \
   ipv6.ovn.ranges=&lt;IP_range&gt; \
   ipv4.gateway=&lt;gateway&gt; \
   ipv6.gateway=&lt;gateway&gt; \
   dns.nameservers=&lt;name_server&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>To determine the required values:</p>
<dl class="simple myst">
<dt>Uplink interface</dt><dd><p>A high availability OVN cluster requires a shared layer 2 network, so that the active OVN chassis can move between cluster members (which effectively allows the OVN router’s external IP to be reachable from a different host).</p>
<p>Therefore, you must specify either an unmanaged bridge interface or an unused physical interface as the parent for the physical network that is used for OVN uplink.
The instructions assume that you are using a manually created unmanaged bridge.
See <a class="reference external" href="https://netplan.readthedocs.io/en/stable/examples/#how-to-configure-network-bridges">How to configure network bridges</a> for instructions on how to set up this bridge.</p>
</dd>
<dt>Gateway</dt><dd><p>Run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ip</span> <span class="pre">-4</span> <span class="pre">route</span> <span class="pre">show</span> <span class="pre">default</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ip</span> <span class="pre">-6</span> <span class="pre">route</span> <span class="pre">show</span> <span class="pre">default</span></code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt>Name server</dt><dd><p>Run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">resolvectl</span></code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt>IP ranges</dt><dd><p>Use suitable IP ranges based on the assigned IPs.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</li>
<li><p>Still on the first machine, configure LXD to be able to communicate with the OVN DB cluster.
To do so, find the value for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ovn-northd-nb-db</span></code> in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/etc/default/ovn-central</span></code> and provide it to LXD with the following command:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>lxc config set network.ovn.northbound_connection &lt;ovn-northd-nb-db&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>If you are using a MicroOVN deployment, pass the value of the MicroOVN node IP address you want to target. Prefix the IP address with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl:</span></code>, and suffix it with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">:6641</span></code> port number that corresponds to the OVN central service within MicroOVN.</p>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Finally, create the actual OVN network (on the first machine):</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>lxc network create my-ovn --type=ovn
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>To test the OVN network, create some instances and check the network connectivity:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>lxc launch ubuntu:24.04 c1 --network my-ovn
lxc launch ubuntu:24.04 c2 --network my-ovn
lxc launch ubuntu:24.04 c3 --network my-ovn
lxc launch ubuntu:24.04 c4 --network my-ovn
lxc list
lxc exec c4 -- bash
ping &lt;IP of c1&gt;
ping &lt;nameserver&gt;
ping6 -n www.example.com
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</section>
<section id="send-ovn-logs-to-lxd">
<h2>Send OVN logs to LXD<a class="headerlink" href="#send-ovn-logs-to-lxd" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>Complete the following steps to have the OVN controller send its logs to LXD.</p>
<ol class="arabic">
<li><p>Enable the syslog socket:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>lxc config set core.syslog_socket=true
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Open <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/etc/default/ovn-host</span></code> for editing.</p></li>
<li><p>Paste the following configuration:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>OVN_CTL_OPTS=&quot; \
       --ovn-controller-log=&#39;-vsyslog:info --syslog-method=unix:/var/snap/lxd/common/lxd/syslog.socket&#39;&quot;
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Restart the OVN controller:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>systemctl restart ovn-controller.service
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
<p>You can now use <a class="reference internal" href="../../reference/manpages/lxc/monitor/#lxc-monitor-md"><span class="std std-ref"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lxc</span> <span class="pre">monitor</span></code></span></a> to see logs from the OVN controller:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>lxc monitor --type=ovn
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You can also send the logs to Loki.
To do so, add the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ovn</span></code> value to the <a class="configref reference internal" href="../../server/#server-loki:loki.types"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">loki.types</span></code></a> configuration key, for example:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>lxc config set loki.types=ovn
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition tip">
<p class="admonition-title">Tip</p>
<p>You can include logs for OVN <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">northd</span></code>, OVN north-bound <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ovsdb-server</span></code>, and OVN south-bound <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ovsdb-server</span></code> as well.
To do so, edit <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/etc/default/ovn-central</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>OVN_CTL_OPTS=&quot; \
   --ovn-northd-log=&#39;-vsyslog:info --syslog-method=unix:/var/snap/lxd/common/lxd/syslog.socket&#39; \
   --ovn-nb-log=&#39;-vsyslog:info --syslog-method=unix:/var/snap/lxd/common/lxd/syslog.socket&#39; \
   --ovn-sb-log=&#39;-vsyslog:info --syslog-method=unix:/var/snap/lxd/common/lxd/syslog.socket&#39;&quot;

sudo systemctl restart ovn-central.service
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
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        <ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">How to set up OVN with LXD</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#set-up-a-standalone-ovn-network">Set up a standalone OVN network</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#set-up-a-lxd-cluster-on-ovn">Set up a LXD cluster on OVN</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#send-ovn-logs-to-lxd">Send OVN logs to LXD</a></li>
</ul>
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